Place guide
Planting zones in Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC
This metro spans USDA zones 7b to 9a, so there is no single zone for Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC and anyone who gives you one is rounding. 50% of its ZIP codes are zone 8a; the rest are not.
Your ZIP code
Get the exact answer for your address
Everything above describes Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC as a whole. Hardiness zones and freeze dates are published per ZIP code, so yours is exact — enter it and this page will tell you your zone, which NOAA station it comes from and how far away that station is.
Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC does not have one planting answer
Its own weather stations disagree about 24 of the 32 crops in this table right now, so any single list would be wrong for part of the metro area. That is not a gap in the data — it is what the data says.
- Shortest season
- 190 days
WALLACETON-LAKE DRUMMOND, VA US (USC00448837) - Longest season
- 266 days
MANTEO AP, NC US (USW00013766)
76 days of growing season separate those two stations, and both serve ZIP codes in Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC. The ZIP lookup above answers for one address instead of averaging a place that has no average.
Why the hardiness zone does not settle this
A USDA zone is a winter-minimum statistic. It was never a growing-season one, and it does not behave like one: within a single zone the growing season runs a median 54 days wider at the 10th–90th percentile, and annual growing degree days vary by 2.02×.
The zones also overlap rather than stack — 30% of zone 6b freezes before the median zone 6a station. The zone tells you what survives your winter; the station tells you what finishes before your autumn.
All 18 stations agreeAt least one station
Every one of the 18 NOAA stations serving this metro area counts April 20 – October 27 as growing season (190 days). Widening to any single station gives March 15 – December 6 (266 days).
That is a 76-day difference inside one metro area — which is why this page gives ranges rather than a single planting date. The ZIP lookup above resolves it to one station.
Which zone you are in depends where you are
Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC covers 4 hardiness zones. A guide that gives the metro one zone has picked whichever is largest and rounded everyone else into it — which is fine for the 50% in zone 8a and wrong for the other 50%. Here is the actual split.
| Zone | ZIP codes | Share | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8a | 63 | 50% | |
| 8b | 57 | 45% | |
| 9a | 4 | 3% | |
| 7b | 3 | 2% |
Zones are published per ZIP code, so yours is exact even though the metro's is not. The hardiness tool will tell you which one you are in.
Your freeze dates
Those are the earliest and latest medians among the 18 stations serving this metro — not an average, and not one station standing in for the rest. Half of years freeze later than a station's own median.
The spread is the point. Even in a metro that is one hardiness zone throughout, its stations disagree about the last spring freeze. Hardiness zone and frost date measure different things — a zone is the average annual coldest night, a freeze date is when the season turns — and a place can be uniform in one and varied in the other. Use the tools below with your own ZIP rather than the ends of this range.
Your growing season
NOAA publishes a growing-season length for each station, and across the 18 stations serving Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC it runs 190–266 days . That figure is published, not computed from the two freeze dates — subtracting one from the other gives the wrong answer wherever a season crosses New Year. Mean summer high (June–August) runs 83–90 °F , at or above the 90 °F point where cool-season crops bolt and tomato and pepper pollen fails — so midsummer sowings of lettuce and its relatives are worth holding here. Summer rain over the same months runs 14.0–17.1" across those 18 stations, against the rough inch a week — about 13 inches over the same 92 days — that a vegetable garden is usually reckoned to want. At the middle station that is covered, so watering in Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC is for the gaps between storms rather than the whole season. The inches are NOAA's published normals; the inch a week is a rule of thumb, and it takes no account of a 87 °F summer afternoon drying the soil faster than a cool one.
When to start seeds in Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC
Every spring job for 63 crop dates, counted from this metro's own last spring freeze. Each is a range across all 18 stations — the earliest and latest that job falls anywhere in the metro — because no one station speaks for the whole area.
| Crop | Job | When | Offset |
|---|---|---|---|
| Green Onions | Start indoors | January 18 – February 23 | 8 weeks before |
| Peppers | Start indoors | January 18 – February 23 | 8 weeks before |
| Broccoli | Start indoors | February 1 – March 9 | 6 weeks before |
| Cabbage | Start indoors | February 1 – March 9 | 6 weeks before |
| Collards | Start indoors | February 1 – March 9 | 6 weeks before |
| Kale | Start indoors | February 1 – March 9 | 6 weeks before |
| Leaf Lettuce | Start indoors | February 1 – March 9 | 6 weeks before |
| Peas | Direct sow | February 1 – March 9 | 6 weeks before |
| Spinach | Direct sow | February 1 – March 9 | 6 weeks before |
| Sweet Potato | Start indoors | February 1 – March 9 | 6 weeks before |
| Tomatoes | Start indoors | February 1 – March 9 | 6 weeks before |
| Bok Choy | Start indoors | February 8 – March 16 | 5 weeks before |
| Kohlrabi | Start indoors | February 8 – March 16 | 5 weeks before |
| Swiss Chard | Start indoors | February 8 – March 16 | 5 weeks before |
| Arugula | Direct sow | February 15 – March 23 | 4 weeks before |
| Baby Salad Greens | Direct sow | February 15 – March 23 | 4 weeks before |
| Beets | Direct sow | February 15 – March 23 | 4 weeks before |
| Green Onions | Direct sow | February 15 – March 23 | 4 weeks before |
| Mustard Greens | Direct sow | February 15 – March 23 | 4 weeks before |
| Okra | Start indoors | February 15 – March 23 | 4 weeks before |
| Radishes | Direct sow | February 15 – March 23 | 4 weeks before |
| Turnips | Direct sow | February 15 – March 23 | 4 weeks before |
| Cabbage | Set out | February 22 – March 30 | 3 weeks before |
| Carrots | Direct sow | February 22 – March 30 | 3 weeks before |
| Collards | Direct sow | February 22 – March 30 | 3 weeks before |
| Collards | Set out | February 22 – March 30 | 3 weeks before |
| Cucumbers | Start indoors | February 22 – March 30 | 3 weeks before |
| Green Onions | Set out | February 22 – March 30 | 3 weeks before |
| Kale | Direct sow | February 22 – March 30 | 3 weeks before |
| Kale | Set out | February 22 – March 30 | 3 weeks before |
| Kohlrabi | Direct sow | February 22 – March 30 | 3 weeks before |
| Kohlrabi | Set out | February 22 – March 30 | 3 weeks before |
| Leaf Lettuce | Direct sow | February 22 – March 30 | 3 weeks before |
| Pumpkins | Start indoors | February 22 – March 30 | 3 weeks before |
| Summer Squash | Start indoors | February 22 – March 30 | 3 weeks before |
| Winter Squash | Start indoors | February 22 – March 30 | 3 weeks before |
| Zucchini | Start indoors | February 22 – March 30 | 3 weeks before |
| Bok Choy | Direct sow | March 1 – April 6 | 2 weeks before |
| Bok Choy | Set out | March 1 – April 6 | 2 weeks before |
| Broccoli | Set out | March 1 – April 6 | 2 weeks before |
| Cilantro | Direct sow | March 1 – April 6 | 2 weeks before |
| Leaf Lettuce | Set out | March 1 – April 6 | 2 weeks before |
| Swiss Chard | Direct sow | March 1 – April 6 | 2 weeks before |
| Swiss Chard | Set out | March 1 – April 6 | 2 weeks before |
| Dill | Direct sow | March 8 – April 13 | 1 week before |
| Bush Beans | Direct sow | March 22 – April 27 | 1 week after |
| Cucumbers | Set out | March 22 – April 27 | 1 week after |
| Pumpkins | Direct sow | March 22 – April 27 | 1 week after |
| Pumpkins | Set out | March 22 – April 27 | 1 week after |
| Summer Squash | Direct sow | March 22 – April 27 | 1 week after |
| Summer Squash | Set out | March 22 – April 27 | 1 week after |
| Sweet Corn | Direct sow | March 22 – April 27 | 1 week after |
| Tomatoes | Set out | March 22 – April 27 | 1 week after |
| Winter Squash | Direct sow | March 22 – April 27 | 1 week after |
| Winter Squash | Set out | March 22 – April 27 | 1 week after |
| Zucchini | Direct sow | March 22 – April 27 | 1 week after |
| Zucchini | Set out | March 22 – April 27 | 1 week after |
| Cucumbers | Direct sow | March 29 – May 4 | 2 weeks after |
| Okra | Direct sow | March 29 – May 4 | 2 weeks after |
| Okra | Set out | March 29 – May 4 | 2 weeks after |
| Peppers | Set out | March 29 – May 4 | 2 weeks after |
| Southern Peas | Direct sow | March 29 – May 4 | 2 weeks after |
| Sweet Potato | Set out | March 29 – May 4 | 2 weeks after |
The week offsets are conventional extension guidance and vary by variety; the freeze dates they are counted from are measured. For a single date rather than a range, run when do I start my seeds? with your own ZIP code.
What survives the winter changes across Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC
Of 74 perennial fruits, nuts, berries, vegetables and herbs, 57 come through the winter in zone 8a and only 46 in zone 9a. That is a different garden at each end of the same metro.
| Zone | ZIPs | Survive | Fail for being too warm |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7b | 3 | 56 of 74 | 3 |
| 8a | 63 | 57 of 74 | 8 |
| 8b | 57 | 54 of 74 | 11 |
| 9a | 4 | 46 of 74 | 25 |
The last column is the counterintuitive one, and it is why the totals do not simply rise as the winters get milder. Most temperate fruit needs a documented number of hours below about 45 °F to break dormancy and set a crop, so an apple fails in a winter that is too warm; currants and rhubarb cook in the summer heat that comes with it. See the full list with reasons.
Cautious — shortens the seasonMedian across stationsOptimistic
- Last spring freeze
- Plan to May 9 to be careful. Median March 15 – April 20 across 18 stations; February 23 is the optimistic end.
- First fall freeze
- Plan to October 17 to be careful. Median October 27 – December 6 across 18 stations; December 27 is the optimistic end.
NOAA publishes these as probabilities, not averages — the middle figure is a median, so half of years fall either side of it. The cautious end is the 10% tail: in roughly nine years in ten the freeze falls on the safe side of it.
The 18 stations behind these numbers
All 18 NOAA stations whose normals this page quotes, spanning about 168 km north to south. Every one is named with its identifier in the station list below — this page does not single one out, because no one station speaks for a whole metro area.
A relative sketch, not a map with a projection: longitude is adjusted for latitude so the shape is not stretched, and there is no basemap. For the one station nearest a specific address, with its real distance, use the ZIP lookup above.
Every figure above comes from these, and each is named so you can check it. Which station serves a given ZIP code, and how far away it is, varies across the metro — the table below gives it per ZIP code rather than this page averaging it.
| Station | NOAA ID | Last spring freeze | First fall freeze | Season |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Disputanta, VA | USC00442400 | April 10 | November 1 | 206 days |
| Elizabeth City Cgas, NC | USW00013786 | March 28 | November 12 | 230 days |
| Elizabeth City, NC | USC00312719 | March 27 | November 17 | 238 days |
| Fentress Naas, VA | USW00013762 | March 23 | November 18 | 240 days |
| Holland 1 E, VA | USC00444044 | April 7 | November 2 | 208 days |
| Langley Afb, VA | USW00013702 | March 24 | November 15 | 238 days |
| Manteo AP, NC | USW00013766 | March 15 | December 6 | 266 days |
| Murfreesboro, NC | USC00315996 | April 6 | November 1 | 208 days |
| N, VA | USC00446161 | April 1 | November 10 | 223 days |
| Newport News INTL AP, VA | USW00093741 | April 1 | November 9 | 221 days |
| Norfolk INTL AP, VA | USW00013737 | March 17 | November 23 | 252 days |
| Norfolk Nas, VA | USW00013750 | March 16 | November 26 | 255 days |
| Norfolk Rich, VA | USW00093773 | April 6 | November 1 | 210 days |
| Norfolk S, VA | USC00446147 | March 23 | November 16 | 239 days |
| Oceana Nas, VA | USW00013769 | March 29 | November 12 | 230 days |
| Suffolk Lake Kilby, VA | USC00448192 | March 27 | November 15 | 233 days |
| Wallaceton-Lake Drummond, VA | USC00448837 | April 20 | October 27 | 190 days |
| Williamsburg 2 N, VA | USC00449151 | March 31 | November 10 | 225 days |
These are medians, not averages — NOAA publishes freeze dates as a probability distribution, and half of years freeze later than the date shown.
Every ZIP code in Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC
Zones are published per ZIP code, not per metro area, so this is the exact answer rather than the metro area's average. The station column is the nearest one to that ZIP code's centroid and how far away it is — the same figure the tools use, shown here so you can see which ZIP codes are well covered and which are reaching.
| ZIP code | USDA zone | Nearest NOAA station | Distance |
|---|---|---|---|
| 23021 | 8a | N, VA | 7.2 km |
| 23025 | 8a | N, VA | 7.3 km |
| 23035 | 8a | N, VA | 9.0 km |
| 23045 | 8a | N, VA | 15.3 km |
| 23050 | 8a | N, VA | 6.3 km |
| 23056 | 8a | N, VA | 6.7 km |
| 23061 | 8a | N, VA | 8.5 km |
| 23062 | 8a | Newport News INTL AP, VA | 14.6 km |
| 23066 | 8a | N, VA | 15.1 km |
| 23068 | 8a | N, VA | 11.4 km |
| 23072 | 8a | N, VA | 16.0 km |
| 23076 | 8a | N, VA | 12.6 km |
| 23081 | 8a | Williamsburg 2 N, VA | 12.8 km |
| 23109 | 8a | N, VA | 10.2 km |
| 23119 | 8a | N, VA | 14.6 km |
| 23128 | 8a | N, VA | 1.8 km |
| 23130 | 8a | N, VA | 16.9 km |
| 23138 | 8a | N, VA | 15.8 km |
| 23163 | 8a | N, VA | 15.3 km |
| 23168 | 7b | Williamsburg 2 N, VA | 15.0 km |
| 23185 | 8a | Williamsburg 2 N, VA | 6.9 km |
| 23188 | 8a | Williamsburg 2 N, VA | 5.9 km |
| 23304 | 8a | Newport News INTL AP, VA | 16.6 km |
| 23314 | 8b | Newport News INTL AP, VA | 19.4 km |
| 23315 | 8a | Holland 1 E, VA | 8.8 km |
| 23320 | 8a | Fentress Naas, VA | 9.7 km |
| 23321 | 8a | Suffolk Lake Kilby, VA | 17.9 km |
| 23322 | 8a | Fentress Naas, VA | 14.1 km |
| 23323 | 8a | Wallaceton-Lake Drummond, VA | 12.5 km |
| 23324 | 8a | Norfolk S, VA | 8.8 km |
| 23325 | 8a | Norfolk S, VA | 6.4 km |
| 23430 | 8a | Newport News INTL AP, VA | 20.9 km |
| 23432 | 8a | Suffolk Lake Kilby, VA | 15.3 km |
| 23433 | 8b | Norfolk Nas, VA | 18.3 km |
| 23434 | 8a | Suffolk Lake Kilby, VA | 3.1 km |
| 23435 | 8a | Suffolk Lake Kilby, VA | 17.5 km |
| 23436 | 8b | Suffolk Lake Kilby, VA | 20.1 km |
| 23437 | 8a | Holland 1 E, VA | 7.0 km |
| 23438 | 8a | Holland 1 E, VA | 13.0 km |
| 23451 | 8b | Oceana Nas, VA | 6.7 km |
| 23452 | 8b | Oceana Nas, VA | 6.1 km |
| 23453 | 8b | Oceana Nas, VA | 5.0 km |
| 23454 | 8b | Oceana Nas, VA | 5.7 km |
| 23455 | 8b | Norfolk INTL AP, VA | 4.9 km |
| 23456 | 8b | Oceana Nas, VA | 8.9 km |
| 23457 | 8b | Fentress Naas, VA | 13.8 km |
| 23459 | 8b | Norfolk INTL AP, VA | 2.4 km |
| 23460 | 8b | Oceana Nas, VA | 0.2 km |
| 23461 | 8b | Oceana Nas, VA | 8.0 km |
| 23462 | 8b | Norfolk S, VA | 8.3 km |
| 23464 | 8a | Norfolk S, VA | 9.0 km |
| 23487 | 8a | Suffolk Lake Kilby, VA | 17.1 km |
| 23502 | 8b | Norfolk S, VA | 2.4 km |
| 23503 | 8b | Norfolk Nas, VA | 1.5 km |
| 23504 | 8b | Norfolk S, VA | 3.6 km |
| 23505 | 8b | Norfolk Nas, VA | 4.4 km |
| 23507 | 8b | Norfolk S, VA | 6.6 km |
| 23508 | 8b | Norfolk S, VA | 7.4 km |
| 23509 | 8b | Norfolk S, VA | 3.4 km |
| 23510 | 8b | Norfolk S, VA | 5.9 km |
| 23511 | 8b | Norfolk Nas, VA | 2.7 km |
| 23513 | 8b | Norfolk S, VA | 2.2 km |
| 23517 | 8b | Norfolk S, VA | 5.6 km |
| 23518 | 8b | Norfolk INTL AP, VA | 2.5 km |
| 23523 | 8b | Norfolk S, VA | 5.7 km |
| 23551 | 8b | Norfolk Nas, VA | 3.1 km |
| 23601 | 8b | Newport News INTL AP, VA | 10.5 km |
| 23602 | 8a | Newport News INTL AP, VA | 3.0 km |
| 23603 | 8a | Newport News INTL AP, VA | 9.1 km |
| 23604 | 8a | Newport News INTL AP, VA | 9.0 km |
| 23605 | 8b | Langley Afb, VA | 10.5 km |
| 23606 | 8a | Newport News INTL AP, VA | 7.7 km |
| 23607 | 8b | Norfolk Nas, VA | 12.7 km |
| 23608 | 8a | Newport News INTL AP, VA | 4.8 km |
| 23651 | 8b | Norfolk Nas, VA | 6.2 km |
| 23661 | 8b | Langley Afb, VA | 9.3 km |
| 23662 | 8b | Langley Afb, VA | 5.6 km |
| 23663 | 8b | Langley Afb, VA | 7.9 km |
| 23664 | 8b | Langley Afb, VA | 5.0 km |
| 23665 | 8b | Langley Afb, VA | 0.9 km |
| 23666 | 8b | Langley Afb, VA | 5.9 km |
| 23667 | 8b | Langley Afb, VA | 7.0 km |
| 23669 | 8b | Langley Afb, VA | 3.7 km |
| 23681 | 8b | Langley Afb, VA | 3.3 km |
| 23690 | 8a | Newport News INTL AP, VA | 10.1 km |
| 23691 | 8a | Williamsburg 2 N, VA | 12.5 km |
| 23692 | 8a | Newport News INTL AP, VA | 11.0 km |
| 23693 | 8a | Newport News INTL AP, VA | 4.3 km |
| 23696 | 8a | Newport News INTL AP, VA | 9.0 km |
| 23701 | 8a | Norfolk S, VA | 14.1 km |
| 23702 | 8a | Norfolk S, VA | 11.5 km |
| 23703 | 8b | Norfolk Nas, VA | 10.2 km |
| 23704 | 8b | Norfolk S, VA | 8.9 km |
| 23707 | 8b | Norfolk S, VA | 10.4 km |
| 23708 | 8b | Norfolk S, VA | 7.2 km |
| 23709 | 8b | Norfolk S, VA | 8.6 km |
| 23839 | 7b | Norfolk Rich, VA | 13.8 km |
| 23846 | 8a | Norfolk Rich, VA | 17.9 km |
| 23881 | 7b | Disputanta, VA | 21.3 km |
| 23883 | 8a | Williamsburg 2 N, VA | 18.6 km |
| 23898 | 8a | Holland 1 E, VA | 19.2 km |
| 23899 | 8a | Disputanta, VA | 24.3 km |
| 27916 | 8b | Elizabeth City Cgas, NC | 24.1 km |
| 27917 | 8b | Elizabeth City Cgas, NC | 19.1 km |
| 27921 | 8a | Elizabeth City, NC | 5.6 km |
| 27923 | 8b | Elizabeth City Cgas, NC | 24.9 km |
| 27926 | 8a | Wallaceton-Lake Drummond, VA | 17.9 km |
| 27927 | 8b | Elizabeth City Cgas, NC | 30.1 km |
| 27929 | 8b | Elizabeth City, NC | 22.2 km |
| 27935 | 8a | Murfreesboro, NC | 19.1 km |
| 27937 | 8a | Holland 1 E, VA | 19.0 km |
| 27938 | 8a | Murfreesboro, NC | 33.5 km |
| 27939 | 8b | Elizabeth City Cgas, NC | 26.6 km |
| 27941 | 9a | Manteo AP, NC | 22.4 km |
| 27946 | 8a | Wallaceton-Lake Drummond, VA | 29.0 km |
| 27947 | 9a | Elizabeth City Cgas, NC | 30.7 km |
| 27950 | 8b | Fentress Naas, VA | 26.0 km |
| 27956 | 8b | Elizabeth City, NC | 20.8 km |
| 27958 | 8a | Elizabeth City, NC | 21.5 km |
| 27964 | 9a | Manteo AP, NC | 25.1 km |
| 27965 | 8b | Elizabeth City Cgas, NC | 22.0 km |
| 27966 | 9a | Manteo AP, NC | 26.7 km |
| 27969 | 8a | Holland 1 E, VA | 24.6 km |
| 27973 | 8b | Elizabeth City, NC | 15.0 km |
| 27974 | 8b | Elizabeth City Cgas, NC | 16.7 km |
| 27976 | 8a | Wallaceton-Lake Drummond, VA | 15.9 km |
| 27979 | 8a | Wallaceton-Lake Drummond, VA | 20.7 km |
ZIP-code positions are area centroids, so a large rural ZIP code's listed distance is measured from the middle of its area rather than from any particular address in it.
Your own ZIP
Work out your own dates
Each of these takes a ZIP code and answers for that ZIP alone, citing the station it used and how far away it is. There is a ZIP box in the header of every page.
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What survives my winter?
Runs on the hardiness zone, so it answers for all of Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC at once — zone across 74 perennial fruits, berries, vegetables and herbs.
- When do I start my seeds?
Dates every spring job from your own last freeze — sow indoors, set out, direct sow.
- When do I sow the next round?
How often each crop is worth re-sowing, and when the next sowing is due.
- What can I still plant?
Counts the growing days left before your first fall freeze, crop by crop.
Other places to compare
Gardening in Virginia — zones 6a– 8b covers the whole state: how its 897 ZIP codes divide between 6 hardiness zones, and the freeze dates across every NOAA station in it.
Other metro areas in VA:
- Richmond, VA Zones 7a–7b
- Charlottesville, VA Zones 7a–7b
- Lynchburg, VA Zones 7a–7b
- Roanoke, VA Zones 7a–7b
- Blacksburg-Christiansburg-Radford, VA Zones 6b–7b
- Winchester, VA-WV Zones 6b–7a
- Staunton-Stuarts Draft, VA Zones 6b–7a
- Harrisonburg, VA Zones 6a–7a
Gear
If you want to act on this
Each link opens an Amazon search rather than a product we picked. We have not tested these and do not rank them — the search is the honest version, and you choose.
- Row cover and frost clothThe season here closes at the first fall freeze dated above — a cover buys back some of those days at the end.
- MulchFor the perennials nearest their cold limit in zone 7b, where an insulated crown is what decides whether they come back.
As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases. That costs you nothing extra, and it buys no influence over anything on this site: the dates come from NOAA normals and the zones from the USDA, and no product affects either.
Sources
Where these numbers come from
The hardiness zone is the USDA 2023 Plant Hardiness Zone Map, published per ZIP code by PRISM at Oregon State. The freeze dates are NOAA's 1991–2020 Climate Normals, read from every station whose normals cover a ZIP code in this metro. Nothing here is estimated, and no station stands in for another.
This page names no single station on purpose. Picking one to represent a metro sounds reasonable and is not: the station serving the most ZIP codes is an artifact of where ZIP centroids happen to fall, and it selects a lock on the Monongahela for Pittsburgh and a far southern suburb for Chicago. A range across every station is true; a single cited date for a whole metro is not.