Metro areas

Gardening in Denver-Aurora-Centennial, CO

This metro spans USDA zones 4a to 6a, so there is no single zone for Denver-Aurora-Centennial, CO and anyone who gives you one is rounding. 61% of its ZIP codes are zone 6a; the rest are not.

USDA zones 4a–6a 4 zones across 133 ZIP codes
ZIP codes 133 133 have a NOAA station within range
Weather stations 33 NOAA 1991–2020 normals, across 8,345 sq mi

Which zone you are in depends where you are

Denver-Aurora-Centennial, CO covers 4 hardiness zones. A guide that gives the metro one zone has picked whichever is largest and rounded everyone else into it — which is fine for the 61% in zone 6a and wrong for the other 39%. Here is the actual split.

Zone ZIP codes Share  
6a 81 61%
5b 45 34%
5a 6 5%
4a 1 1%

Zones are published per ZIP code, so yours is exact even though the metro's is not. The hardiness tool will tell you which one you are in.

Your freeze dates

Last spring freeze April 30 – June 21
First fall freeze September 2 – October 14

Those are the earliest and latest medians among the 33 stations serving this metro — not an average, and not one station standing in for the rest. Half of years freeze later than a station's own median.

The spread is the point. Even in a metro that is one hardiness zone throughout, its stations disagree about the last spring freeze. Hardiness zone and frost date measure different things — a zone is the average annual coldest night, a freeze date is when the season turns — and a place can be uniform in one and varied in the other. Use the tools below with your own ZIP rather than the ends of this range.

Your growing season

NOAA publishes a growing-season length for each station, and across the 33 stations serving Denver-Aurora-Centennial, CO it runs 71–165 days . That figure is published, not computed from the two freeze dates — subtracting one from the other gives the wrong answer wherever a season crosses New Year. Mean summer high (June–August) runs 65–89 °F , below the 90 °F point where cool-season crops reliably bolt.

When to start seeds in Denver-Aurora-Centennial, CO

Every spring job for 63 crop dates, counted from this metro's own last spring freeze. Each is a range across all 33 stations — the earliest and latest that job falls anywhere in the metro — because no one station speaks for the whole area.

Crop Job When Offset
Green Onions Start indoors March 5 – April 26 8 weeks before
Peppers Start indoors March 5 – April 26 8 weeks before
Broccoli Start indoors March 19 – May 10 6 weeks before
Cabbage Start indoors March 19 – May 10 6 weeks before
Collards Start indoors March 19 – May 10 6 weeks before
Kale Start indoors March 19 – May 10 6 weeks before
Leaf Lettuce Start indoors March 19 – May 10 6 weeks before
Peas Direct sow March 19 – May 10 6 weeks before
Spinach Direct sow March 19 – May 10 6 weeks before
Sweet Potato Start indoors March 19 – May 10 6 weeks before
Tomatoes Start indoors March 19 – May 10 6 weeks before
Bok Choy Start indoors March 26 – May 17 5 weeks before
Kohlrabi Start indoors March 26 – May 17 5 weeks before
Swiss Chard Start indoors March 26 – May 17 5 weeks before
Arugula Direct sow April 2 – May 24 4 weeks before
Baby Salad Greens Direct sow April 2 – May 24 4 weeks before
Beets Direct sow April 2 – May 24 4 weeks before
Green Onions Direct sow April 2 – May 24 4 weeks before
Mustard Greens Direct sow April 2 – May 24 4 weeks before
Okra Start indoors April 2 – May 24 4 weeks before
Radishes Direct sow April 2 – May 24 4 weeks before
Turnips Direct sow April 2 – May 24 4 weeks before
Cabbage Set out April 9 – May 31 3 weeks before
Carrots Direct sow April 9 – May 31 3 weeks before
Collards Direct sow April 9 – May 31 3 weeks before
Collards Set out April 9 – May 31 3 weeks before
Cucumbers Start indoors April 9 – May 31 3 weeks before
Green Onions Set out April 9 – May 31 3 weeks before
Kale Direct sow April 9 – May 31 3 weeks before
Kale Set out April 9 – May 31 3 weeks before
Kohlrabi Direct sow April 9 – May 31 3 weeks before
Kohlrabi Set out April 9 – May 31 3 weeks before
Leaf Lettuce Direct sow April 9 – May 31 3 weeks before
Pumpkins Start indoors April 9 – May 31 3 weeks before
Summer Squash Start indoors April 9 – May 31 3 weeks before
Winter Squash Start indoors April 9 – May 31 3 weeks before
Zucchini Start indoors April 9 – May 31 3 weeks before
Bok Choy Direct sow April 16 – June 7 2 weeks before
Bok Choy Set out April 16 – June 7 2 weeks before
Broccoli Set out April 16 – June 7 2 weeks before
Cilantro Direct sow April 16 – June 7 2 weeks before
Leaf Lettuce Set out April 16 – June 7 2 weeks before
Swiss Chard Direct sow April 16 – June 7 2 weeks before
Swiss Chard Set out April 16 – June 7 2 weeks before
Dill Direct sow April 23 – June 14 1 week before
Bush Beans Direct sow May 7 – June 28 1 week after
Cucumbers Set out May 7 – June 28 1 week after
Pumpkins Direct sow May 7 – June 28 1 week after
Pumpkins Set out May 7 – June 28 1 week after
Summer Squash Direct sow May 7 – June 28 1 week after
Summer Squash Set out May 7 – June 28 1 week after
Sweet Corn Direct sow May 7 – June 28 1 week after
Tomatoes Set out May 7 – June 28 1 week after
Winter Squash Direct sow May 7 – June 28 1 week after
Winter Squash Set out May 7 – June 28 1 week after
Zucchini Direct sow May 7 – June 28 1 week after
Zucchini Set out May 7 – June 28 1 week after
Cucumbers Direct sow May 14 – July 5 2 weeks after
Okra Direct sow May 14 – July 5 2 weeks after
Okra Set out May 14 – July 5 2 weeks after
Peppers Set out May 14 – July 5 2 weeks after
Southern Peas Direct sow May 14 – July 5 2 weeks after
Sweet Potato Set out May 14 – July 5 2 weeks after

The week offsets are conventional extension guidance and vary by variety; the freeze dates they are counted from are measured. For a single date rather than a range, run when do I start my seeds? with your own ZIP code.

What survives the winter changes across Denver-Aurora-Centennial, CO

Of 74 perennial fruits, nuts, berries, vegetables and herbs, 51 come through the winter in zone 6a and only 34 in zone 4a. That is a different garden at each end of the same metro.

Zone ZIPs Survive Fail for being too warm
4a 1 34 of 74 0
5a 6 48 of 74 0
5b 45 48 of 74 0
6a 81 51 of 74 0

The last column is the counterintuitive one, and it is why the totals do not simply rise as the winters get milder. Most temperate fruit needs a documented number of hours below about 45 °F to break dormancy and set a crop, so an apple fails in a winter that is too warm; currants and rhubarb cook in the summer heat that comes with it. See the full list with reasons.

The 33 stations behind these numbers

Every figure above comes from these, and each is named so you can check it. Distances vary by ZIP code, so the tools report yours rather than this page guessing.

Station NOAA ID Last spring freeze First fall freeze Season
Bailey, CO USC00050454 June 16 September 8 84 days
Boulder 14 W, CO USW00094075 June 21 September 2 71 days
Brighton 3 SE, CO USC00050950 May 3 October 7 155 days
Byers 5 Ene, CO USC00051179 May 13 October 2 142 days
Cabin Creek, CO USC00051186 June 6 September 19 103 days
Castle Rock, CO USC00051401 May 9 October 2 143 days
Cheesman, CO USC00051528 May 17 October 1 135 days
Cherry Creek Dam, CO USC00051547 May 7 October 8 152 days
Coal Creek Canyon, CO USC00051681 June 5 September 16 103 days
Denver Centennial AP, CO USW00093067 May 5 October 8 154 days
Denver INTL AP, CO USW00003017 May 5 October 9 156 days
Denver Water Dept, CO USC00052223 April 30 October 12 165 days
Denver-Stapleton, CO USW00023062 May 4 October 8 156 days
Eastonville 2 Nnw, CO USC00052494 May 29 September 21 114 days
Elizabeth 2Nw, CO USC00052631 May 16 October 2 137 days
Evergreen, CO USC00052790 May 23 September 22 118 days
Fairplay S Park Rd, CO USC00052816 June 16 September 9 83 days
Georgetown, CO USC00053261 May 30 September 19 112 days
Grant, CO USC00053530 June 15 September 9 84 days
Karval, CO USC00054444 May 9 October 6 149 days
Kassler, CO USC00054452 May 8 October 3 147 days
Lake George 8 SW, CO USC00054742 June 2 September 19 108 days
Lakewood, CO USC00054762 May 3 October 7 155 days
Limon Wsmo, CO USW00093010 May 21 September 26 127 days
Marston Fltr Plt, CO USC00055402 May 2 October 11 160 days
Matheson 8 SE, CO USC00055427 May 12 October 2 141 days
Monument, CO USC00055734 May 14 October 1 138 days
Northglenn, CO USC00055984 May 2 October 11 160 days
Parker, CO USC00056323 May 9 October 3 145 days
Ralston Rsvr, CO USC00056816 May 3 October 14 161 days
Roxborough SP, CO USC00057249 May 16 October 1 136 days
Strontia Springs Dam, CO USC00058022 May 16 September 29 132 days
Wheat Ridge 2, CO USC00058995 May 5 October 5 151 days

These are medians, not averages — NOAA publishes freeze dates as a probability distribution, and half of years freeze later than the date shown.

Work out your own dates

Each of these takes a ZIP code and answers for that ZIP alone, citing the station it used and how far away it is. There is a ZIP box in the header of every page.

Where these numbers come from

The hardiness zone is the USDA 2023 Plant Hardiness Zone Map, published per ZIP code by PRISM at Oregon State. The freeze dates are NOAA's 1991–2020 Climate Normals, read from every station whose normals cover a ZIP code in this metro. Nothing here is estimated, and no station stands in for another.

This page names no single station on purpose. Picking one to represent a metro sounds reasonable and is not: the station serving the most ZIP codes is an artifact of where ZIP centroids happen to fall, and it selects a lock on the Monongahela for Pittsburgh and a far southern suburb for Chicago. A range across every station is true; a single cited date for a whole metro is not.

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